Hallucinogenic Compounds:
Psilocybin/Psilocin
A number of species of fungi contain compounds that produce hallucinogenic effects if their fruitbodies are eaten. The majority of hallucinogenic mushrooms are better known as LBMs (Little Brown Mushrooms). Hundreds of species of LBMs exist with the majority of them being extremely difficult to identify. Therefore, it is one’s best interest to avoid eating any LBMs (Barron, 322).
Various species of Psilocybe, Panaeolus, Conocybe, and most likely certain Pluteus species contain psilocybin and psilocin. These “psilocybin mushrooms”, known for their psychedelic properties are often ingested for recreational purposes (Arora, 895).
Symptoms, which last for several hours, mimic those of LSD (derived from another fungus Claviceps purpurea) consumption: heightened color perception, visual distortions, rapidly shifting shapes and images, “kaleidoscope effect” when the eyes are closed, elation or hilarity, and hallucinations or delusions. Occasionally, individuals will experience the sensation of leaving their bodies, traveling into the future or past, and anxiety (Arora, 895).
Treatment is essential the same as that of muscimol poisoning. Reassurance that the effects are only temporary should be given to individuals who accidentally ingest psilocybin mushrooms (Arora, 895).
Works Cited
Arora, David. Mushrooms Demystified. 2nd ed. Berkley, Ten Speed Press, 1986.
Barron, George. Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton: Lone Pine, 1999.