Hypersonic ReEntry Deployable Glider Experiment (HEDGE): A CubeSAT Approach to Low-Cost Hypersonic Research; The Socioeconomic Impacts of the Privatization of the Space Industry

Technical Project Abstract:
Hypersonic technology represents a frontier in aerospace innovation with significant implications for scientific, commercial, and defense sectors (Persons, 2019). However, access to hypersonic research is constrained by the high costs and technical challenges of sustaining hypersonic speeds, limiting accessibility for academic and smaller research institutions (Button, 2023). The Hypersonic ReEntry Deployable Glider Experiment (HEDGE) seeks to overcome these barriers by using a CubeSAT framework to provide a cost-effective, scalable solution for gathering essential data on hypersonic reentry and flight dynamics (European Space Agency, 2023). By deploying a glider from an exo-atmospheric sounding rocket, HEDGE aims to capture real-time telemetry on structural, thermal, and aerodynamic performance during reentry, addressing critical gaps in hypersonic research.
The HEDGE team’s primary objectives are to demonstrate a low-cost hypersonic flight experiment using an exo-atmospheric rocket launch, validate the operation of avionics, data acquisition, and telemetry systems for risk reduction in future tests, and provide undergraduates with hands-on experience in design-build-fly projects relevant to hypersonics. In addition, HEDGE has three secondary objectives: to introduce students to industry-standard engineering design practices, facilitate connections between undergraduate students and aerospace professionals, and offer experience working in an engineering team that simulates a professional workplace environment.
The Hypersonic ReEntry Deployable Glider Experiment (HEDGE) project requires a strong commitment to ethical responsibility and professional standards, particularly in launch safety, regulatory compliance, spectrum management, and responsible research practices. Adhering to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Federal Communications Commission (FCC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and RockSat-X program guidelines. We ensure that all aspects of the mission, from vehicle integration to flight testing, meet safety protocols and do not pose risks to other experiments. Our design complies with RockSat-X safety standards, prioritizing structural integrity, proper deployment mechanisms, and safeguarding against harm to other experiments.

STS Project Abstract:
Space was once an industry heavily dominated by large government agencies from a handful of countries. These agencies not only relied heavily on government funding for research and development but also worked directly with their respective governments to pass legislation needed for space travel. The sheer cost alone of such trips made it incredibly difficult for competitors to enter the industry. However, modern technology and advancements in production have opened the door for private companies to build, launch, and manage their own space flights. These private companies, most notably Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin, have pushed the boundaries of the industry and showed just how far private funding can take an idea.
The emergence of such companies, though, has brought much more than new satellites and spacecraft. Not only have they created an influx of new jobs in aerospace hubs like Florida and Texas, but they have also helped solve age-old problems like providing internet connectivity to the most remote regions of planet Earth. Additionally, public-private partnerships in the industry have allowed different parties to specialize in various steps of manufacturing and management necessary for flight, streamlining the process for both sides. These are just a few of the socioeconomic impacts that privatization of the space industry has brought, and many more are sure to emerge as the field continues to change.

Correlation Between the Two:
Space has, for a long time, been an industry heavily dominated by large government agencies. While there are a variety of reasons for this, a large majority of them fall under the fiscal category. Research and development alone cost more than many small countries have for funding. That is not to mention the other necessary requirements like facilities for manufacturing, unpopulated flatland for launching, and a diverse group of highly skilled workers. The HEDGE capstone project, more specifically CubeSats, offers a low-cost way to perform hypersonic research. Furthermore, the success of such a project demonstrates the ability of non-government organizations, students in this case, to perform critical scientific research. As CubeSats continue to advance, the barriers to enter the space industry will continue to decrease in unison.
Although the cost to build and launch a spacecraft is still incredibly high, the low-cost of CubeSats reflect a broader trend within the industry towards reducing research costs and increasing access to cutting edge aerospace technology. This shift both fosters innovation and encourages collaboration between students, private companies, and government agencies. In the future, CubeSats and similar low-cost technologies could play a critical role in expanding global participation in space research and exploration.

School of Engineering and Applied Science

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

Technical Advisor: Chris Goyne

STS Advisor: Joshua Earle

Technical Team Members: Sydney Bakir, Max Cristinzio, Luke Dropulic, Franklin Escobar, Nathan Kaczka, Jason Morefield, Zachary Morris, Arooj Nasir, Benjamin Petsopoulos, Cade Shaw, Michael Wennemer, Caleb White